Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwe-chrome corundum

Ngo-1877, uFremi, usokhemisi ongumFulentshi, wasebenzisa impushana ye-alumina emsulwa, i-potassium carbonate, i-barium fluoride kanye nenani elincane le-potassium bichromate njengezinto zokusetshenziswa.Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-8 zokushisa okuphezulu okuncibilika ku-crucible, amakristalu amancane e-ruby atholakala, okwakuyisiqalo se-ruby yokwenziwa.
Ngo-1900, ososayensi basebenzisa i-aluminium oxide ngemva kokuncibilikisa inani elincane le-chromium oxide, i-Cr2O3, ngokwesilinganiso sesisindo sika-0. Nge-7% indlela eyengeziwe, amarubi angu-2g ~ 4g akhiqizwa.Namuhla, amarubi namasafire amakhulu amagremu angu-10 angenziwa.
Ngo-1885, kwavela amarubi okwenziwa ekhwalithi ephezulu eGeneva, eSwitzerland.Kuthiwa kunezicucu zerubi zemvelo, kanye ne-potassium dichromate ebomvu nokunye ukuncibilika kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu okwenziwe, kanye nemvelo yemikhiqizo yemvelo.Kodwa-ke, kwakungusokhemisi ongumFulentshi u-Verneuil owakha itshe eliyigugu futhi walifaka ekukhiqizeni okukhulu.
Ngo-1891, u-Verneuer wasungula inqubo yokuncibilikisa amalangabi futhi wayisebenzisa ukwenza amagugu okwenziwa.Ngemva kwempumelelo, wazama nge-alumina ehlanzekile.Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa esithandweni se-Muffle esinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu eline-hydrogen ehlanekezelwe nepayipi lomoya-mpilo.Impushana ecolekile ye-alumina emsulwa equkethe inani elincane le-chromium oxide yehliselwa kancane kancane elangabini futhi yancibilika, yaconsa esisekelweni ukuze iminyanise futhi icwebezele.Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi yokusebenza kanzima.
Amarubi okwenziwa enziwa nguVernayet ngo-1904, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ukuncibilika kwelangabi kuye kwaphelela ukukhiqiza amarubi cishe angenakuhlukaniswa kwemvelo.Le ndlela isetshenziswe kuze kube yizikhathi zanamuhla futhi kuseyindlela eyinhloko yokukhiqiza amagugu okwenziwa emhlabeni, eyaziwa ngokuthi "indlela ye-Verneuil".Manje kuthatha amahora ambalwa kuphela ukukhiqiza ngaphezu kwe-100 carats yetshe eliluhlaza le-ruby, amakristalu e-corundum yokwenziwa ngokubukeka kwepear shape noma isimo sesanqante, ukuthungwa okumsulwa, ukukhanya kombala ngisho nangaphezu kwemikhiqizo yemvelo, kanye nezinzuzo ezinkulu zezomnotho.Inqubo yesimanje ye-Verneuil ayikhiqizi nje kuphela amarubi asukela ku-pink ekhanyayo kuya kokubomvu okujulile, kodwa namasafire anemibala ehlukahlukene, ngisho namarubi namasafire anokukhanya kwenkanyezi.Kuyisimangaliso.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-11-2023